Sep 09, 2020 · Extreme Excavation in Fault Zones and Squeezing Ground at the Kargi HEPP in Turkey. Multiple fault zones and squeezing ground requiring extensive bypass tunneling were just a few of the challenges to be overcome to successfully complete Turkey's Kargı Kızılırmak Hydroelectric Project. [] more
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A main problem when tunnelling in squeezing ground is the heterogeneity of fault zones. Prediction of rock mass behaviour and thus proper choice of support, construction sequence, as well as determination of required overexcavation in heterogeneous rock mass is extremely difficult. During the excavation of the Inntaltunnel Schubert (1993)
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About 1 year after the completion of the excavation in 1995, successfully failure) and (2) extreme convergence (squeezing) igneous fault zone Mucha highway (Taiwan) 16 graphitic phyllite 1.2 7.5 1 Yacambu-Quibor (Venezuela) 5.5 25,000 weathered zones of
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Tunnelling or undertaking below-ground construction in squeezing ground can always present many engineering surprises, in which this complicated geology bring a series of tunnelling difficulties. Obviously, if the major affecting factors and mechanism of the structure damage in these complicated geological conditions are determined accurately, fewer problems will be …
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Extreme ground behaviour in high-stress rock masses such as rockburst prone and squeezing ground conditions are encountered in a range of underground projects …
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Oct 09, 2018 · A proposed solution in squeezing ground to accommodate deformations is to employ a flexible tunnel support system combined with a certain amount of over-excavation (Cantieni and Anagnostou 2009). Barla et al. employed a yield-control support system using highly deformable concrete components for tunnel excavation in severely squeezing ground
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Support System for Tunnelling in Squeezing Ground of Qingling-Daba
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Particularly challenging is the crossing of fault zones with soil-like material under high water pressures (Anagnostou & Kovári 2005). When such a zone is suddenly encountered, water and loose material flows into the opening. In some cases the fault zones are accompanied laterally by a heavily jointed and fractured
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Dec 04, 2021 · a fault zone. Figure 1. Typical damages in segmental tunnel lining resulting from the manifesting of the main geological risks in difficult ground excavation due to different types of geo-hazards (Almost most of these phenomena …
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Jan 08, 2010 · Among the most significant parameters one can consider is the instability of the tunnel side walls/face, fault zones, squeezing ground, karstic voids, high water inflow and toxic/explosive gases. The main geotechnical hazards relevant to TBM tunneling are given in Table 2, together with the mitigation measures commonly used. These measures can
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synclinorium. e tunnel had to pass through two fault zones and intensely jointed zones. F1 and F2 are the fault zones, and J1 and J2 are the intensely jointed zones. For the J1 and J2 jointed zones, the spacing of each joint set is 15–20cm. e surface water in the tunnel area is mainly gulley water and stream water, which is recharged by pre-
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Extreme Excavation in Fault Zones and Squeezing Ground at the Kargi HEPP in Turkey Proceeding of the World tunnel congress/ International Tunneling and Underground Space Association 2015 2015522
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Aug 01, 2016 · In some extreme cases, TBMs may be jammed or buried in squeezing ground, severe rock burst conditions or faulted zones. The adverse geological conditions that affecting TBM excavation can be summarized into four types, namely, the mixed-face ground, fractured rock mass, highly stressed rock mass, and rock mass with limited boreability.
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Support System for Tunnelling in Squeezing Ground of Qingling-Daba
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Tunnels are constructed by freezing soil and removing frozen soil between starting and end shafts of the tunnels. Tunnels are driven in an uncomplicated manner in rapidly changing soils without auxiliary construction means. A hole is bored in or near the planned axis of the intended tunnel between starting and end shafts. A soil freezing work pipe is inserted into the hole.
Get a QuoteSlurry TBM machines are also used in rock excavation. The development in the design of slurry machines over the last 50 years has been significant. Extreme conditions are considered to be squeezing ground and water-filled fault zones. In such conditions features can be built into the TBM to make continuous progress through such zones
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A main problem when tunnelling in squeezing ground is the heterogeneity of fault zones. Prediction of rock mass behaviour and thus proper choice of support, construction sequence, as well as determination of required overexcavation in heterogeneous rock mass is extremely difficult. During the excavation of the Inntaltunnel Schubert (1993)
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Hoek (2001) classified squeezing ground conditions based on tunnel strain (u a /a) or the ratio between rock mass strength and in situ stress (γH), as shown in Figure 26.4.In very severe squeezing ground (u a /a >5%), the tunnel face may exhibit plastic extrusion due to the failure of rock mass all around the tunnel and the face has to be stabilized. For a rock mass strength (q …
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synclinorium. e tunnel had to pass through two fault zones and intensely jointed zones. F1 and F2 are the fault zones, and J1 and J2 are the intensely jointed zones. For the J1 and J2 jointed zones, the spacing of each joint set is 15–20cm. e surface water in the tunnel area is mainly gulley water and stream water, which is recharged by pre-
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May 22, 2015 · Extreme Excavation in Fault Zones and Squeezing Ground at the Kargi HEPP in Turkey. Posted by The Robbins Company | May 22, 2015 | White Papers. Multiple fault zones and squeezing ground requiring extensive bypass tunneling were just a few of the challenges to be overcome to successfully complete Turkey's Kargı Kızılırmak Hydroelectric Project.
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